BRICS Summit Faces Hurdles Over Joint Statement

Joint Statement Becomes Key Question at BRICS Summit

The 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi is facing an important diplomatic test over whether all 11 member countries can agree on a joint statement. According to the source, India, as the host country, is working to secure consensus for a Delhi Declaration during the September 12–13 summit. However, differences over regional issues could make negotiations difficult.

Why a BRICS Joint Statement Matters

A joint statement is a public document that records the issues on which participating countries have reached agreement. Although it is not a legally binding contract, it carries considerable political significance because it presents a collective position to the international community. In BRICS, consensus is particularly important because a disagreement by one member can prevent the group from adopting a joint declaration.

Iran and UAE Differences Could Complicate Talks

One of the major challenges identified in the source is the disagreement between Iran and the United Arab Emirates over developments in West Asia. The source says Iran wants the joint statement to address what it describes as the start of attacks by the United States and Israel, while the UAE wants strong condemnation of attacks on its territory. These opposing positions could make it difficult for negotiators to agree on the wording of the declaration.

Makkah Defense Pact Adds Another Layer

Another issue highlighted in the source is the Makkah Joint Defense Agreement involving Saudi Arabia, Turkiye and Pakistan. The agreement has raised concerns in Iran, according to the report, while Saudi Arabia is also connected to BRICS. The differing security relationships could add another sensitive issue to discussions among member countries as they work toward consensus.

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Terrorism Could Become a Major Discussion Point

Terrorism is another issue that could influence negotiations over the joint statement. The source says India is expected to seek a clear reference to the April 22, 2025 Pahalgam attack and cross-border terrorism. It also notes that BRICS foreign ministers had previously included references to the Pahalgam attack and cross-border terrorism in an outcome document issued in May 2026.

Consensus Framework Creates Diplomatic Pressure

The BRICS consensus framework means that every member's position can become important when finalizing a joint declaration. If members cannot agree, the host country can instead issue a chair statement describing the discussions, areas of agreement and remaining differences. Individual countries may also release separate statements, although these do not carry the same collective weight as a joint BRICS declaration.

India Faces a Crucial Diplomatic Test

The source cites analysts who believe there remains a strong possibility that a joint statement will eventually be adopted despite the challenges. However, the negotiations could remain difficult until the final stage, particularly over West Asia and terrorism. With India hosting the summit in New Delhi, reaching a consensus would be an important diplomatic outcome for the country and for the BRICS grouping.